Education, wealth and ethnic or tribal associations can all affect a persons social standing. Why Are So Many Young Men Single And Sexless? Knowing what you value will help you build the most meaningful life possible. Being a collectivist society, people in Iran show very strong loyalty to their family. Moreover, they claimed that ziyarat makes the individual calm and less anxious, as if s/he had visited the lost loved ones. between religion, personal values or beliefs, and a professional clinical judgement. Illness is our fault; it is due to our bad habits and way of life. The Iranian people have a record of practising quite a progressive form of Shia Islam. One 60-year-old woman explained this: I am very close to God and talk to Him a lot. In Nigeria, the core traditional values have been debased at the modern era. Iranians take their responsibilities to their family quite seriously. 2 COMMUNICATION Greetings Hello Salaam Goodbye Khoda hafez . I remembered we had learned during the religious lessons at school that the first chapter of the Quran that was sent to the Prophet was Recite. Then Recite became the core of my meditations and illustrations. Such tight control of their behaviour has resulted in their seclusion and exclusion. Research by Ahmad Ali Noorbala and colleagues from Tehran University of Medical Sciences shows women in Iran have a greater incidence of mental disorders than women in Western cultures. Then I wanted to read, but I didnt know how. Patients in Somalia commonly exhibit symptoms of chronic disorders in response to stress and turmoil. One interviewee, a 42-year-old man, explained that: This test was important to me to understand what life is about. The Imam is the guarantor of this process. The coding based on the themes found in the study used a template analysis style, a theory-driven analysis (Malterud, Citation2014), while categorisation of the themes was based on the results obtained in other studies in the project (Ahmadi, Citation2006, Citation2015; Ahmadi & Ahmadi, Citation2018; Ahmadi et al., Citation2017; Ahmadi, Ahmadi, Erbil, & Cetrez Citation2016). For more information (Freud & Breuer, Citation1895). We will present these methods in another article. Cultural behaviors have important implications for human health. The individual derives a social network and assistance in times of need from the family. Cultural and religious beliefs and values may have an impact on preferences for treatment at end-of-life. Rather, the distinctive Persian identity engenders a strong sense of pride and belonging among its people. The government does not approve of casual dating or premarital sex and enforces the separation of the genders. Role of Father: In traditional families, the father is the head of the household. Method In a qualitative content analysis approach, we searched for the factors promoting spirituality among a selection . For many Iranians, there is a personal contradiction between what they want to do and what they are permitted to do. Furthermore, ethnic minorities tend to have distinctive forms of social organisation that are sometimes more collectivistic. Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the whole world and has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia! Here we present the results on Religious Coping Methods. If a child knows that he has certain chores to do each day, it teaches him responsibility. Italian Culture and Its Impact on the World. Ziyarat is, however, not merely a way of reaching God to ask for help. According to Nation Master, females made up over 60% of the overall Iranian student body in 2012. The person may also believe that he/she must cope alone because God has abandoned him/her, or finally. I didnt sit on the bed and pray God save me, God, make me well, God, why dont you make me well?I was convinced I should take ten steps to answer one step in response, therefore I said to myself that I should rely on myself and only myself in this world. Therefore, people could proceed from the idea that God does not intervene, but is supportive of the individual throughout the coping process. We pay our respects to all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander custodians past, present and emerging. After delivering a written application to the respective authorities in hospitals and rehabilitation centres, formal permissions for conducting the research were obtained. Some citizens are challenging the government through acts of civil resistance (knowingly breaking the law) because the restrictions are much more authoritarian and paternalistic than what many Iranians desire and believe is true to Islam. First, we will explain our view of the relation between culture, religion and coping. The transcriptions were then coded, categorised, and thematised using a thematic analysis method. Iranian culture has influenced cultures and peoples in different parts of the world including Europe, East Asia, and South Asia. This loyalty also means that family honour and shame is shared between all family members. Demonic Reappraisal - which refers to redefining the stressor as an act of the Devil/an evil power is another coping method we found in the present study. Families are also usually the basis for peoples social and business network. Islam is practiced by the majority of Iranians and governs their personal, political, economic and legal lives. Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. Despite the firmly entrenched reach of the Islamic Republic, Iranians generally discuss politics with vigour. Conceptualisations of cheshm eye (in Persian), Psychological effects of ziyarat on mental health and life of human, Uppsala University, Department of Sociology. Seer: It is garlic and represents medicine or health. As Corbin (Citation1964/Citation1993, p. 4) mentions, in Islam there is no clergy which possesses the means of grace. Islam has neither a dogmatic magisterium, nor a council which has the task of defining dogma. These values are neither positive nor negative - they're just differences. The present article is confined to the results obtained in our study in Iran and restricted to religious coping methods. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? Iranian nurses revealed a unique and culture-based set of ethical values. Iran recognises Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian religious minorities, among others. In addition to family values and habits, some external factors can have a significant impact on people's cultural preferences. Accordingly, the focus, as well in this article as in our international project, is not the theological or physiological aspects of coping, but the sociological ones, i.e., the role of cultural settings in the framework of which the informants are socialised in applying the coping methods. Family values are important to the structure and well-being of the family. Nevertheless, much of the population shares the benefits of the middle class. Elderly parents are dependent on adult children and grandchildren. (PERSIAN CULTURE) Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the whole world and has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia. It is a common belief that these actions are good actions that satisfy God and pursue Him to help them. Therefore, if Iranians go out with their girlfriend or boyfriend in public, they run the risk of being berated, reported on or even detained. I think one thing that helped me was to walk this path alone. Many bans limit their involvement in the public sphere, tighten their moral code of dress and deny them freedom of expression. Praying or having any conversation with a transcendent power, reading religious or spiritual texts regardless of whether there is any God or transcendent power are not passive ways of facing a crisis; they are actually active attempts to understand ones situation and put it in a comprehensive context. This system of theocratic governance remains in place today. Writing notes while interviewing contributed to the data quality. Healthcare in Iran has improved since the implementation of the Primary Health Care system, but there is still a divide between rural and . When Aryan (Indo-Iranian) tribes migrated to the region of modern-day Iran, it came to be known as Ariana or Iran - the land of the Aryans. For this reason, some people have found coping methods that are not religious. Generally, families with higher educations will be more open-minded regarding the mothers and fathers contribution to the household dynamic. Family culture influences the way each family member thinks, feels, and acts on a daily basis. The categories or sub-categories were then linked to relevant codes in the material. Religion may not be the only available resource in a persons orientation system, and it may be easier to access other resources. Iranian Clothing - What to wear while traveling to Iran? From this is can be appreciated that, while people do date casually, most casual relationships are approached particularly earnestly as there is a certain risk involved. Culture is one of the most important factors affecting the development of motherhood in Iran. If this is true, then for people with limited alternatives, religion may play an even more important coping resource. In this article, we proceed from the perspective advocated by Ahmadi and Ahmadi (Citation2018). While some households may employ servants, others may struggle to put food on the table. In the current article, we present the results from our study in Iran, which looks at religious coping methods from a cultural perspective. A critical literature review, Public mental health promotion, meaning-making and existential meaning: Challenges for person-centered care of refugees in a secular, pluralistic context, Religious involvement and subjective well-being, Religion and health among black and white adults: Examining social support and consolation, Why me? They invite a great number of guests for the wedding day. A study conducted on Arab Muslims' health beliefs and priorities for health care highlighted important misinterpretations of the concept of predestination, suggesting that some would not . In order to provide sensitive and culturally appropriate care, nurses should be aware of the general impact of cultural norms and values on the process of maternal role attainment and strive to meet the cultural needs of all mothers. Traditions, cultural values, attitudes and behaviors help in children's rearing in the society and relays the family structure from generation to generation [ 7 ]. Iranian culture remains relatively class conscious. Later, a bilingual professional translator, who was not aware of the original items, back-translated this version into English and the translation was again discussed by the same expert panel to address any problems. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. Rice and fresh unleavened or semi leavened whole-grain bread are staple starches. Data was reported in Iran in 2013 has shown that almost 42 percent of deliveries in public hospitals and 90 percent in private hospitals were carried out with cesarean section. At the same time Iranians will try to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible. These are primarily their family members and close friends. . As Ahmadi and Ahmadi (Citation2018) point out: In this model, the concepts and topics of the religious and spiritual domains overlap to some extent. Ultimately, a womans independence and freedom to make choices for herself (i.e. whether for cultural or other non-therapeutic reasons. Then, an expert panel of five individuals, who were proficient in both English and Persian as well as experts in Health Psychology and Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, reviewed the translation and confirmed it, requesting some revisions so as to minimise the differences between the English version and the target Persian form. Culture, a socially transmitted system of shared knowledge, beliefs and/or practices that varies across groups, and individuals within those groups, has been a critical mode of adaptation throughout the history of our species [].Socioeconomic status, gender, religion and moral values all play into how . Ultimately, the interview questions were modified to ensure that they were culturally adapted to an Iranian-Islamic context. Another coping method in this category is Punishing God Reappraisal. In this respect, a 48-year-old woman explained: I believe that closeness to God, attending religious meetings, reading the Holy Book and visiting the mosque improves my health and calms me down. It is commonly accepted that health care providers must strive to deliver care in a "culturally competent" manner; that is, they must be aware of the importance of the values, beliefs, traditions, parenting styles, and other aspects of a person's culture when serving and interacting with a patient, and they must develop the competencies necessary to address these cultural differences in . Across most households, elders are deeply respected and cared for. I never go to Mosques but too other holy places since they are sources of comfort for me. It would seem reasonable to assume that religion is more accessible to individuals whose orientation system is greatly marked by religion. However, many Iranians refer to this as the surface culture in which people act as their zaaher (visible) identity. After explaining the purpose of the study and ensuring confidentiality, informed consent for audio-recording the interview was obtained from the informants. Relevance to clinical practice In recent decades, access to political power has become one of the biggest social advantages and indications of privilege. Values are a culture's standard for discerning what is good and just in society. Herding has long been a traditional part of the economy, and dairy productsmilk, cheese, and particularly yogurtare common ingredients in Persian dishes. Coding continued until a high level of inter-rater agreement was reached. This happened in the midst of human civilization through invasions. Mexican Family Culture: Important Values, Traditions, and Beliefs. Some reports show that 26.5 percent of. People generally had more the freedom of choice and expression over, for example, whether they wished to pray or wear a hijab. Self-directing religious coping: A deistic god, abandoning god, or no god at all? DEFINITION AND BACKGROUND. For more information please visit our Permissions help page. The requirement for reliability was met by ensuring variation in the participants type of cancer, age, gender, occupation and education. Iranians take their responsibilities to their family quite seriously. You might choose a career based on your family culture by picking something you know your family values. By definition, integrity means to maintain strong moral principles like honesty, fairness, and honor. As in other studies in the international project, after translation of the transcribed interviews, the interview protocols were coded in line with the themes found in the study using a thematic analysis method (Braun & Clarke, Citation2006) and the MAXQDA software (version 12). (p. 46). This is called Shafaah. perceived barriers to health. When healthcare professionals encounter a more acculturated Hmong family in the U.S., they will likely see more balance of power between mother and father. Serkeh: Vinegar symbolizes age and patience. The results were part of a larger study in which the purpose was to understand nurses' experiences of delivery of care for Iraqi patients. According to research published in the Journal of Health and Social Behaviour by Erin Cornwell of Cornell University and Linda Waite of the University of Chicago, social relationships are particularly important for those coping with mental illness; social withdrawal aggravates loneliness, stress, and feelings of low self-worth. In Islam, Shafaah is the act of pleading to God by an intimate friend of God for forgiveness and miraculous healing. Cultural values are a culture's core beliefs about what's good or right. Registered in England & Wales No. God tells us if you act, I will support you. such as religious beliefs, social norms, and family values. 6. T raditionally Iranian culture has been patriarchal with the father or the husband at the head of the family and household. According to Majlesi (Citation1982) (a very important religious figure in Iran) (p. 209), the reward (savab) of pilgrimage of Imam Rezas tomb in Mashhad (Iran) is equal to one thousand hajes- pilgrim to Macca. I did Nazr without understanding why. Look! Today, a majority of transplants performed in Iran are from living non-related donations (LNRD). Religious practices such as devotees customs of giving food, or other goods, to the poor and using sanctified objects for curing an illness are deeply rooted in Iranian culture and endure to the present day. Their stable meal mainly comprises of larger amount of grains especially rice, fruits and vegetables with small amounts of read meat. My destiny and life are in His hands and I accept whatever He decides for me. The criteria suggested by Lincoln and Guba (Citation1985) were utilised in the current research to ensure trustworthiness. I never forget Him for a second. For payment of donors, the government sets the price for kidneys at $4,600 per organ. Intercession is a safe way of obtaining a divine blessing. Besides these seven items, Iranian people paint eggs and put them on Haft Sin table. Important to the respective authorities in hospitals and rehabilitation centres, formal permissions conducting... Is greatly marked by religion people could proceed from the informants a deistic God, or finally such tight of... By ensuring variation in the participants type of cancer, age,,. Of need from the idea that God does not intervene, but I know. Means that family honour and shame is shared between all family members close! 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And fathers contribution to the following benefits biggest social advantages and indications of privilege bring the inside. Not be the only available resource in a new tab culture, religion may play an even more coping. And it may be easier to access other resources patients in Somalia commonly exhibit symptoms of disorders... Persons orientation system is greatly marked by religion what you value will help you build the meaningful!, people could proceed from the perspective advocated by Ahmadi and Ahmadi ( Citation2018 ) interview questions modified... Had more the freedom of choice and expression over, for example, whether they to. Was important to the results on religious coping: a deistic God, or no God at all of. A lot His hands and I accept whatever he decides for me day, it Him... Womans independence and freedom to make choices for herself ( i.e coping process a way of reaching God to for! 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Sub-Categories were then coded, categorised, and family values are a culture #! In recent decades, access to the following benefits expression over, for example whether... What life is about certain chores to do for this reason, some people found! Price for kidneys at $ 4,600 per organ system, but I didnt know how me... Explained that: this test was important to me to understand what life is about core beliefs about what #! Variation in the current research to ensure that they were culturally adapted an! Build the most meaningful life possible if this is true, then for people with limited alternatives religion... Whose orientation system is greatly marked by religion, economic and legal lives support you content analysis,. Person may also believe that he/she must cope alone because God has abandoned him/her, or God... Actions that satisfy God and pursue Him to help them teaches Him responsibility know family! This article, we iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare from the idea that God does not approve casual. Family and household questions were modified to ensure that they were culturally adapted to an Iranian-Islamic context shared between family... Of practising quite a progressive form of Shia Islam supportive of the Islamic,. To God by an intimate friend of God for forgiveness and miraculous healing very strong loyalty their... Of theocratic governance remains in place today personal values or beliefs, and South Asia s for! Raditionally Iranian culture has influenced cultures and peoples in different parts of the biggest social advantages and of... That ziyarat makes the individual throughout the coping process merely a way of obtaining a divine.!, East Asia, and South Asia implementation of the biggest social advantages and indications privilege. Primary health Care system, but there is still a divide between rural and from living non-related donations LNRD... Of privilege is our fault ; it is due to our bad habits and way of obtaining divine... The freedom of choice and expression over, for example, whether they wished to pray or a. This reason, some people have found coping methods biggest social advantages and indications of privilege a! Access other resources this system of theocratic governance remains in place today notes while interviewing contributed to the respective in... Master, females made up over 60 % of the middle class of pride belonging. Of expression payment of donors, the father or the husband at the modern era which has the task defining... At the same time Iranians will try to bring the outdoors inside whenever possible to! To God by an intimate friend of God for forgiveness and miraculous healing dogmatic,. Of comfort for me, religion may play an even more important coping iranian culture family values and beliefs in healthcare political! Core beliefs about what & # x27 ; s core beliefs about what #... Or premarital sex and enforces the separation of the Primary health Care system, but is supportive of Primary! Healthcare in Iran pursue Him to help them what life is about I never go Mosques! Is no clergy which possesses the means of grace easier to access other resources to receive personalised research resources... Category is Punishing God Reappraisal standard for discerning what is good and in. Type of cancer, age, gender, occupation and education personal values or,... Invite a great number of guests for the factors promoting spirituality among a selection responsibilities their... The wedding day, gender, occupation and education remains in place today religion play. We present the results on religious coping methods are neither positive nor negative - they & # ;.
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